Hobbies And Interests
Military Medals
In the U.S. Army and other armies, medals can signify valor in the context of a particular war or campaign (e.g. Korean War) or a distinction of service such as “Humane Action” or “Good Conduct.” Medals also may be issued by territory. For example, soldiers who serve in a scientific or exploratory operation at the South Pole are eligible for the “Antarctica Service Medal.” Also, these awards may or may not be specific to a branch of the military. For example, the prestigious Medal of Honor for “gallantry and intrepidity at risk of life above and beyond the call of duty” can be issued to any active duty officer. On the other hand, the Air Force Cross is obviously intended for members of the Air Force.
Military Insignia
Military insignia signify a soldier&'s rank and area of duty. For example, soldiers who oversee the construction of forts and other engineering projects have special "Corps of Engineering" insignia. Also, U.S. military officers have silver and gold insignia that are embroidered into the epaulets of their uniforms. The number of stars denotes the grade of general officers.
Regulations for Receipt
Insignia are determined by a soldier’s ability to advance up the military hierarchy and the type of service he undertakes. Medals are awarded at the discretion of different officials for different actions. Depending on the medal, both soldiers and civilians may be eligible for receipt. For example, a Purple Heart is awarded automatically by a commanding officer to any soldier who is wounded or killed in battle. On the other hand, Air Force officials recently created a 2010 BIG (Blacks in Government) Meritorious Service Award for one soldier and one civilian who significantly contributed to war on terrorism through “outstanding support to the mission of their organization and demonstrated support for the full integration of African-Americans within the armed services or federal civilian work force.”
Regulations for Display
The U.S. Government heavily regulates the display of military and awards and insignia. Former and current soldiers are forbidden from wearing insignia or awards that are not consistent with their personnel records. In other words, don’t wear it if you did not earn it. Violators will be criminally prosecuted.
Medal Issuance and Replacement
If you are entitled to a medal, contact the specific branch of the military where you served. However, for Air Force and Army personnel, the National Personnel Records Center can handle your request and forward it to the proper service departments. The National Archives has detailed listings on who to contact (see References).