Things You'll Need
Instructions
Obtain a United States stamps price guide. If you are researching U.S. commemorative stamps, many guides can help you. The U.S. Postal Service and Scott Publishing put out annually updated price guides and checklists to help collectors track and value what they have. These guides cost from $8 to $20 as of 2010, although if you just want to look up one commemorative stamp, you could go online to Mystic Stamp Company's online catalog.
Examine the stamp you wish to value. What is its denomination? Commemorative stamps are released at the standard first-class mailing rate in a given year, so the denomination will give you direction to start looking up the stamp in the price guide. Before 1970, when the Postal Service became an independent agency that no longer receives tax subsidies, the cost of stamps didn't rise that often, so you'll have more years to look through in the price guide to find the stamp you're researching. For example, 3-cent commemorative stamps were released from 1932 to 1958. Since the 1970s, the first-class mailing rate has gone up every few years, so anything coming in at 6 cents or higher should be easier to find.
Look at the front and back of the stamp. Has it been used on an envelope and canceled, or is it unused, with adhesive still on the back? If it is canceled, you will find the stamp's value in the "used" column of the price guide. If it is unused and still has its original gum, look for its value in the "unused" or "mint" column in the price guide. Old mint stamps may show evidence of having been hinged and put into an album. The price guide value may specify "mint, never hinged" or the abbreviation "MNH." In general, mint stamps will be worth more than used copies.
Rate the condition of the stamp. Is the design nicely centered? This is "fine" condition and will get you the best price, closest to book value. Are there any rips, creases or other flaws? Is there evidence of a hinge being placed on the back or any thinning of the paper? Does the stamp appear to have been damaged and then repaired? Flaws of any kind, even if repaired, will lower the value of any given stamp and may make worthless any but the rarest of commemorative stamps.