Types
Two types of aviation headsets are available. Basic, also known as passive noise reduction (PNR), two-way headsets allow pilots to clearly hear and speak over the radios. Noise-canceling headsets, also known as active noise reduction (ANR), perform the functions of a basic headset but also actively filter and eliminate noise. ANR headsets tend to be more expensive than PNR headsets.
Effects
Unlike noise-canceling headsets, PNR headsets do not actively cancel noise. They only block minimal engine noise by covering the pilot's ears. Pilots wearing ANR headsets will routinely be exposed to reduced levels of low-frequency noise, which can lead to hearing loss.
Considerations
Pilots should consider their individual needs when comparing headsets. For instance, if a pilot's primary concern is preventing hearing loss, a noise-canceling ANR headset would be suitable. However, if aviators consider a lower price the most important decision factor, a PNR headset would be a suitable choice.