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Different Types of Binocular Lenses
There are two types of binocular optical systems. Galilean or Porro prism binoculars contain two front lenses with prisms bending the light into eyepieces at the back. Roof prism binoculars are basically two telescopes mounted next to each other containing a prism system to correct the resulting image. In comparison to Porro prism devices, roof prism binoculars are more compact in design since the ocular and objective lenses are aligned.
Binoculars for General Purpose Use
Standard binoculars are Porro prism models which provide bright, high-contrast and high-resolution images and are versatile for a variety of uses including sporting events, bird-watching and observing wildlife. Compact binoculars are sized and shaped to be held in one hand. They contain either Porro or roof prism optical systems. The size and light weight of compact binoculars makes them easily portable and popular for general-purpose use at sporting events and for travel.
Binoculars for Sports and Recreation
Range finders are designed to provide viewer with a precise measurement of distance between themselves and a particular object by using the reflection of a laser beam. These devices are popular with enthusiasts of golfing and hunting. Night vision binoculars allow objects to be viewed in the darkness and poor light conditions and are used for activities like night hunting and surveillance, and in the military. Some of these devices function by maximizing the available light while others work using infrared light. Marine binoculars are designed specifically to suit marine conditions including low-light and fog. Marine binoculars are constructed from tough, lightweight and durable material, are waterproof, easy to grip and many models will float if dropped into water.
Special Purpose Binoculars
Astronomical binoculars are often called giant binoculars because of their size which allows for huge magnifications and wide fields of view. Their objective lenses are designed to let as much light in as possible to make objects in the night sky more clearly visible. Made to withstand the most rugged conditions, military binoculars have a strong, lightweight body that is durable with high-quality optics. They are waterproof and capable of range estimation. Zoom binocular allows viewers to use different magnifications when viewing a subject in the distance, such as wildlife and birds. They provide high-resolution imaging and provide high to low magnifications.