Instructions
Acquire a customs broker. A customs broker has "access to systems and knowledge to file Customs entries in an efficient manner and utilize importer best-practices to speed import clearances and reduce import duties", according to Informed Trade. Companies like Merchant's Custom House Brokerage Inc. can help.
Become familiar with the classifications of the various precious stones and gemstones. You can find this information at Informed Traders.
The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States which lists the classification and duty rates of precious stones, semi-precious stones, pearls, and jewelery, is something with which you should become familiar.
Join Gems, Rocks and Minerals Exchange, Exporters and World Bid, which are worldwide information exchange for companies and individuals who export gems as well as rocks and minerals.
Explore Importers, which lists companies all around the world. There you should be able to find a market for your gems. This site is a good source of information.