History
The N scale was developed by Arnold, a German firm, in the 1960s. The term "N scale" (sometimes also called "N gauge") refers to the 9mm track used for modeling rail networks. It was designed to be a smaller version of the popular O gauge developed by Hornby for its toy trains, as the large size of Hornby's models prevented most toy train enthusiasts from building a large model railway in their home.
Variance
The standard for N scale is a ratio of 1:160, meaning the trains used on the 9mm (0.35 inch) track are 160 times smaller than their real world counterparts. However, variants on N scale exist around the world, with Japanese trains running at 1:150 scale and many British models being produced in 1:148 scale. Each uses the same 9mm track.
Significance
The small size of the models and rails themselves mean N scale is an excellent choice for creating model railroads in a limited amount of space. Because it is about half the size of the more common HO gauge, a model in N scale can contain more track in the same space, allowing a more complex model to be created.
Benefits
Because of its small size, N scale models are only slightly larger than the 1:144 scale used for many war games featuring miniatures. This allows N scale trains appropriate to the period to be features in a campaign, either as background detail or as part of the game itself.
Misconceptions
Because of problems creating reliable moving parts on such a small scale, N scale has gained a reputation for unreliability. However, modern production systems have allowed higher quality model parts to be created on N scale, meaning a modern layout is every bit as likely to function well as an HO gauge train.