Home >> Hobbies >> Model Railroads

Train Track Model Design Layout

Model railroading is a creative and entertaining hobby, and you might be anxious to get your model built and your trains running. But if you first put some thought into your design, you'll be rewarded by a model that fits the type of train you own, the space you have available, and a track layout that works. You can design your layout on paper, but many software programs are available that are simple to use and allow you to try different options in your design.

Theme and Purpose
- Before starting your track layout design, choose a theme. Determine the year of the setting, and if the track will follow a mountain stream, cross a desert, be part of a logging operation or other details.
  Also, consider how the layout will be used. If it's for children, use durable parts and add visual components such as tunnels and bridges. If the layout is for display, add realistic details.
Scale and Gauge
- Scale, designated by N, HO, S, O, Z, or Gn3, refers to the ratio of the model to the actual prototype. For instance, the HO scale of 1:87 means one foot on the model equals 87 actual feet. The most popular scales are HO and N (1:160).
  
  Gauge is the distance between the rails. Modern U.S. rail gauge is 4 feet, 8 1/2 inches. Earlier railroads, especially in the 1800s, had narrower gauges, 3 feet being the most common. An example of a narrow gauge scale designation is HOn3, which means the layout is HO scale, and the rails are the scaled equivalent of 3 feet apart.
Available Space
- The space you have available can limit the size of your track layout. You'll be spending a lot of time there as you work on the model, so choose a spot that's comfortable.
  When the train layout is complete, you'll want to show it off, or possibly invite children to play with it, so think about where visitors will come to see your display.
Track Pieces and Layout
- Track comes in pieces named straight, curved, turnouts, switches, crossings and joiners. You will need to get the right track depending on your scale and gauge.
  The track layout for high-speed express trains should have fewer curves with large radii. Straight tracks will allow you to run the train faster, and it will look more realistic.
  For cargo trains, the track can have more curves, bridges and tunnels. Running coal and logging trains slowly gives them a more realistic look.
Scenery
- Look at real railroads, pictures or historic photos for ideas to make your track layout look more realistic. Use trackside signals, outbuildings, vehicles, animals and humans. Choose scenery that fits the theme of your layout such as cactus, rivers, trees and grass.
  Adding details like these will enhance your layout and make the track layout more enjoyable for you as the designer and for your visitors.

Model Railroads