What Is High-Key Lighting?

High-Key Lighting

• High-key lighting is a technique by which the subject matter and background are thoroughly illuminated, usually in a uniform manner. The backgrounds of high-key scenes are generally simple, monochromatic and often white. Photographers frequently use this lighting method for yearbook and posed photographs because it places emphasis on the person rather than the scene. Most sitcom producers employ high-key lighting, and have done so since the early days of television. Filmmakers use high-key lighting as well, but seldom rely upon it exclusively.

History

• Early lighting technicians developed high-key lighting as a means to overcome the limitations of the celluloid media. In the nascent stages of broadcasting, film and televised media could not depict a scene with high contrast or deep shadows accurately. Mixed lighting levels created blurry and grainy subjects and robbed the scene of detail. By using multiple lights on a stage at many angles, producers were able to use their media to the fullest extent, capturing subtle emotional nuances on the faces of actors.

Setting Tone

• High-key lighting is a common technique for both photography and broadcast media. Because this style of lighting eliminates shadows, it creates a psychological sense of warmth, security and happiness. News media producers use this kind of lighting to create a bond of trust with the anchorman or field reporter. Filmmakers and broadcast producers employ the technique to set an upbeat tone for movies and sitcoms. Photographers often use the technique to make the subject appear happier and more angelic.

High-Key Method

• While the concept behind high-key lighting is simple, the technique requires some effort to accomplish successfully. Complicating the task are the varied opinions about what constitutes high-key lighting, even among professionals. Some claim you can achieve this technique with a single lighting source, although you may not get the results you are seeking. Ultimately, you need multiple light sources with soft, even focus placed so that their domains overlap to create uniform illumination. Modern LED lighting systems are good tools for this endeavor because they provide a low power, low heat spotlight with consistent texture.