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The Effects of Downrigger Weights on Speed

Many fishing enthusiasts use downrigger assemblies for catching fish, especially in deeper waters. Similar to rod fishing, a downrigger uses a line, bait or lure, hook, and weight for luring specific fish species. However, downrigger weights are much larger and heavier than a standard fishing rod weight, typically resembling a cannonball. Fishermen must consider the downrigger's weight and the boat's speed effects while moving across the water's surface. (See Reference 1 through 3)

Downrigging Function
- A downrigger is a fixed fishing reel mechanism that typically attaches to the boat's stern, or rear. Downriggers are most commonly used for trolling. Trolling places the bait or lure at a specific point within the water column as the boat moves forward. A weight resides at the end of the main line, stabilizing the length in a vertical position as the boat constantly moves overhead. A hook and bait line attaches to a release mechanism along the weighted line's length. Specific fish, within that chosen water area, chase and catch the bait. Once caught, the fisherman releases the hook and bait line from the main line, allowing him to pull the fish upwards without the heavy cannonball weight or line hindering the process. (See Reference 2)
Speed
- Typical cannonball downrigger weights do not hinder the boat's ability to move efficiently through the water since the boat's engine easily compensates for the extra load. However, speed does affect the line's shape and placement in the water column. A lighter weight will float almost horizontally in the water at faster boat speeds. The fisherman must troll at a slower speed if using a lighter downrigger weight, allowing the weight to sink and pull the baited hook to the desired depth. Fishermen that must travel at higher speeds should use a heavier downrigger weight. The heavier weight will keep the line in a vertical position during high speeds. (See Reference 1 &2)
Deep Water
- Fishermen trying to access deep water, such as several hundred feet, typically need to slow down. Even the heaviest downrigger weight requires some time to sink into the deeper waters. Slow trolling in deep water with a heavy downrigger weight is recommended for the best lure placement in the water column, as Captain Bernie Roelle points out on Walleye Web. (See Reference 2)
Alternative Weight Shape
- Currently, downrigger weight manufacturers are designing more hydrodynamic weight shapes for improved fishing control. The weights are shaped like arrows. This arrow shape allows the weight to move more freely as the boat gains speed. The arrow weight allows the line to stay vertical at higher speeds, compared to the original cannonball-shaped weights. (See Reference 1)

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