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Basics
Skunks use their spray as a defense mechanism when they are agitated or frightened. The spray is composed of the sulfurous chemicals, methyl and butyl thiols. It is emitted from two glands located near the skunk's anus. Skunks are very precise in their aim. Once the perceived predator is hit by this oily mixture, it begins to soak in. For this reason, acting fast is crucial to eliminating the odor. If you, your pet or any tangible item has been hit with skunk spray, you must address it immediately.
Baking Soda Solutions
Baking soda is effective for skunk spray due to its odor-neutralizing properties. However, it cannot act alone. Use baking soda to create a foaming mixture with vinegar or hydrogen peroxide that is effective for eliminating skunk spray odors. Mix ¼-cup of baking soda with four cups of 3 percent hydrogen peroxide or vinegar. Add one tbsp. of liquid dish soap. The mixture will begin to bubble and foam. While the mixture is still foaming, wash the affected area. Allow the solution to soak in for at least five minutes, rinse and repeat. Wear a pair of rubber or latex gloves so the skunk spray does not get on your hands or soak into your skin.
Reactions
Baking soda solutions are effective for skunk spray due to their odor-neutralizing properties. As the solution foams up, it creates an oxygen reaction that naturally scrubs and begins to work on thiols in the skunk spray. Therefore, the baking soda solution begins to lift and neutralize the odor. Adding liquid dish soap to the solution helps to break down the oils in the skunk spray.
Considerations
Bleach is another recommended remedy for skunk spray; however bleach is not safe to use on pets or humans, as it can harm the skin. Baking soda solutions are safe, natural and effective. While baking soda solutions are safe to use on the skin, do not get the mixture near or in your eyes or your pet's eyes. If you or your animal has been sprayed in the face, contact your physician or veterinarian immediately.
Further Considerations
Mixing baking soda with hydrogen peroxide or vinegar creates a chemical reaction; therefore you cannot mix and store this solution ahead of time. Mix baking soda solutions in an open plastic container to avoid pressure that can cause the solution to explode. It is also equally important to double check labels and be sure that you have the correct ingredients. Be sure that you are using baking soda, and not baking powder or washing soda. Other names for baking soda include sodium bicarbonate, bicarbonate of soda and sodium hydrogen carbonate.