Lake Trout
This breed of trout live in cold waters, and tend to be easiest to find in spring and in the fall, where they live higher up in the water. Thanks to their preference for chilly waters, these trout are typically found in oligotropic lakes, which are bodies of water that offer little to attract lifeforms. Lake trout eat plankton, crustaceans or small fish, depending on the area they live in.
Brown Trout
This species of trout is recognizable thanks to its colorings; its back tends to contain gold and brown markings while its belly is cream-colored. The adipose fin is also more easily spotted on a brown trout than on other varieties of trout. A resident of areas such as the Great Lakes and states like Texas and Nebraska, the brown trout feeds mainly on other fish, though they do eat crustaceans and insects, too.
Rainbow Trout
One of the best known breeds of trout, rainbow trout are recognizable due to the black spots on their bodies, and usually grow to between 20 and 23 inches. They can be found in the U.S. everywhere from the Rocky Mountains to parts of Mexico. Rainbow trout are commonly encountered in swift streams, creeks and larger rivers, and prefer cold water.
Golden Trout
This breed of trout is similar to the rainbow trout, but possesses a highly recognizable golden color in its skin, making it a target for water-based predators such as the heron. Golden trout in the U.S. tend to dwell in the high-altitude waters of the Rocky Mountains.
Brook Trout
Found within northeastern areas of the U.S. such as the Great Lakes and Hudson Bay, the brook trout is distinctive thanks to its olive coloring, complete with wormlike markings not found in every breed of trout. The brook trout can be found in streams -- where they consume land and aquatic insects -- as well as mountain lakes, and prefer cool water.
Western Native Trout
A number of trout species were originally native to parts of the Western U.S. These include the Bonneville cutthroat trout, found in the Bonneville Basin. This fish has black spots across its body, and an olive coloring. It exists only in small numbers as of 2011, and was even believed to have become extinct during the 20th century. The Colorado River cutthroat is a resident of headwater streams and is noted for its bright, appealing colouring.