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Merino Wool Characteristics

The Moors of North Africa introduced the merino sheep to Spain in the 1400s. While the Spanish closely guarded the breed, they did take merinos to every country they visited, according to Clara Parkes in "The Knitter's Book of Wool." As a result, merino sheep are raised all over the world. Clothing manufacturers use the fine wool these animals produce for all kinds of garments. In addition, hand-knitters, crocheters and weavers often use merino wool for projects.

Fine Wool
- Wool fiber is measured in microns, and the finer the fiber, the softer it is. According to Australian Wool Innovation, merino wool ranges from 19 to 22 microns, one of the finest wool fibers available. A fine, soft fabric from merino wool is appropriate for garments that you wear next to the skin, including scarves and sweaters.
Personal Climate Control
- Merino wool will definitely keep you warm in cold months, but do not discount this fiber for warmer weather. Merino absorbs moisture and wicks it away from your body, making you feel cooler. In order to do this, the fiber must absorb a high percentage of moisture compared to its weight; according to Australian Wool Innovation, merino can absorb 35 percent of its weight.
Fire Retardant
- Like all wools, merino is naturally fire retardant. Unlike synthetic materials that have a low melting point, merino wool ignites at a very high temperature: over 1,058 degrees Fahrenheit. In addition, merino has a high level of nitrogen, a natural fire retardant. If merino wool does catch fire, it tends to extinguish quickly. Added to the merino wool's softness, this characteristic makes it a great choice for baby clothes and blankets.

Animals & Science