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Reasons for Ecological Succesion
Every species has an optimal set of conditions for it to live. Each species also produces small changes to its environment. As these changes occur, the ecosystem becomes ideal for different species. For example, the first trees to grow in an open field will thrive in sun, but different tree species will grow in the shade that the first produced.
Climax Ecosystems
Ecological succession is said to have stopped when a relatively stable population of species is achieved. The organisms of this ecosystem produce a habitat that is also ideal for a similar following generation. This stable population is called a climax community.
Continued Flux
While the climax community is made up of a relatively stable population, outside forces make sure that some form of ecological succession is always at work. Natural disasters like fires or floods can disrupt the climax community, and gradual climate change over time can give different species an edge in outcompeting the established community.