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How to Create a Compass

The first compass was developed in China more than 2,000 years ago. According to Matthew Pruis, the compass was the first self-registering device created in documented history. A magnetic compass works by self-aligning the magnetized needle to the Earth's natural magnetic field. With a small bit of iron and a way to float it, your compass will soon having you heading in the right direction.

Things You'll Need

Sewing needle or steel paper clip
Magnet
Candle
Match or lighter
Cork or crafting foam piece
Tape
Small dish
Water

Instructions

Using a Magnet
- 1
  Rub a sewing needle across a magnet about sixty times. Always rub in a single direction, never back and forth.
- 2
  Attach the needle to a float, such as a small piece of cork or foam, with a small piece of tape.
- 3
  Fill a small dish with water.
- 4
  Float the needle in the water. The needle will settle along the Earth's magnetic field pointing north/south.
Using Heat to Magnetize a Needle
- 5
  Light a candle.
- 6
  Place a needle through a pencil eraser or hold it tightly with a set of pliers.
- 7
  Heat the needle until it glows red. This will only take a few seconds.
- 8
  Place the needle, pointing it north/south, in a safe place to cool.
- 9
  Wait at least five minutes for the needle to cool completely.
- 10
  Attach the needle to a float with a small piece of tape.
- 11
  Put some water in a small dish.
- 12
  Float the needle in the water.

Astronomy