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The Red Dwarf
A red dwarf star shines just the color of its name suggests. These stars are small, with masses lower than the Sun and cooler temperatures in general. Also, light radiates from this star, but in comparison to the Sun, red dwarf stars have a small amount of luminosity, or amount of light emitting from its mass. The red color comes from the fuel that the red dwarf stars burn. Similar to the way a fire burns hottest at the blue and yellow center, the hotter stars burn blue or yellow.
The Yellow Star
These are hotter stars than the red dwarf type. These stars burn fuel faster than other types of stars. As yellow stars get older, they grow in size, becoming very big. However, over great amounts of time, the stars eventually shrink down to gases. When a star shrinks, the gases form a cloud called a planetary nebula. The Sun used to be known as a yellow star. However, the surface of the Sun is actually white.
The Giants
Stars run on hydrogen for fuel. As the star ages, it grows bigger, becoming a giant star with a solar radii of 10 to 100. Solar radii is a unit of measurement for stars. When stars expand to become giant, the center of the star gets more dense and compact, and the stuff in the star, like hydrogen and other gases, moves closer together. As the center gets smaller, the star heats up, growing like a balloon filling with air. The super giant stars are some of the oldest stars but also much bigger and luminous. For instance, if a super giant star replaced the Sun, it would extend all the way out to Uranus.
The Blue Giants
A blue giant star is the same size as a giant star. However, these stars also burn helium, and when they start to burn this gas, blue giant stars get very hot, hence the blue color. The outer part of the star also begins to stretch, growing bigger and bigger. However, when a blue giant star's life comes to an end, a black hole forms in the space where it used to exist.