Stars and Solar Systems
The predominant ingredient of galaxies are stars. Planets, asteroids and other materials found in a solar system are also present.
Black Holes
Another part of galaxies consists of black holes, which suck any matter that they encounter into them. Scientists actually believe that a supermassive black hole lies in the center of our own galaxy.
Dust and Gas
Galaxies are also composed of dust and gas, which can form together and ignite, turning into stars, and maybe even new solar systems.
Dark Matter
Scientists have discovered that a major component of galaxies is the presence of dark matter, which somehow helps galaxies structure themselves into forms.
Antimatter
Some scientists even believe there are galaxies made of antimatter out there as well; since the big bang arguably threw out as much antimatter as it did matter, the materials couldn't have disappeared.