Assassin Bugs in Missouri

Basics

• Assassin bugs are classified in the biological family Reduvidae, and the order Hemiptera. They range in size and color, with the most common colors being black, brown, orange and red. They typically measure between 4 and 40mm long. Their wings fold into an "X" pattern over their backs. A space in their upper abdomen allows their thick, short beak to fold in when they are not using it to suck in food. This space also contains ridges the bug will rub with its beak to make a squeaking noise.

Types

• As of 2011, 40 species of assassin bugs were found in Missouri, including wheel bugs and conenose bugs. Wheel bugs have great speed and kill their prey using a toxic saliva that dissolves the internal tissues of the victim. Wheel bugs will attack insects twice their size and weight, stalking during the daytime in and around trees, bushes and flowers. Two species of conenose assassin bugs, which feed on blood, are found in Missouri. The "kissing bugs" will painlessly draw blood from the face of a sleeping human, Conenoses are about 1 inch long, and flat or oval shaped.

Bites

• While blood sucking assassin bugs are associated with Chaga's disease, the disease is uncommon in Missouri. Chaga's disease is transmitted through the bug's feces, which is typically rubbed or scratched into the victim's wound or mucus membranes after the bug has finished feeding. However, Missouri's bloodsucking assassin bugs leave the victim before defecating. Victims will typically suffer just a swollen lip or welt. Other assassin bugs bite in defense if they feel threatened, with people suffering nausea or vomiting at worst.

Protection

• Missourians can protect their homes from assassin bugs by sealing doors, windows and screens. Weather stripping is also helpful. If you are visiting or camping in Missouri, do not sleep in barns or caves. Yellow porch lights and bug zappers are effective against assassin bugs that are attracted to lights at night. If an assassin bug happens to land on you, carefully brush the bug away instead of picking it up to avoid a defense bite. If your home is infested with assassin bugs, an exterminator may be required.