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How to Identify the Different Beetle Types

It is nearly impossible to identify all the types and families of beetles, which form the largest order in the animal kingdom. There are roughly 24,000 named beetle species in the United States and Canada, with nearly 350,000 named species worldwide. No one is quite sure at the number of unnamed species, but it is thought to be large. Many beetle families have certain characteristics that can aid you in identification, although they're not always foolproof because some beetles share characteristics with beetles in other families. These characteristics are primarily body parts that allow the beetle to feed, find mates or otherwise thrive in their environment.

Instructions

- 1
  Look at the antennae of the beetle in question. The antennae are often characteristic of different families. Long-horned beetles, which include several tree borers, have antennae that are sometimes longer than the body. Often, their antennae are curved back parallel to the body. Scarab beetles also have characteristic antennae; their antennae are clublike and often have a slightly feathered appearance. Scarab beetles include dung beetles, Japanese beetles and June bugs.
- 2
  Look for other characteristics that stand out. Weevils, for instance, have long, curved beaks that distinguish them from other types of beetles. Fireflies have glowing organs in their abdomen that they use to attract mates and communicate. Lady beetles, also known as ladybugs, have rounded abdomens with spots.
- 3
  Study where you found the beetle. Beetles are often specific to the types of food they eat or their habitat. Long-horned beetles, such as borers, are often found on trees or plants. Ladybugs sit on plants that their prey feed on, such as roses, while they hunt for aphids and other pests. Several beetles live indoors in search of their favorite foods: pantry items and fabrics.
- 4
  Research beetles in a field guide or take the specimen to your local cooperative extension or university's entomology department. Several universities also have websites dedicated to beetles, making it easier to research online.

Insects & Science