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Definition
A zonal pattern is when the direction of upper-level winds is parallel with the lines of latitude. This definition is important as it enables meteorologists to differentiate between different weather patterns to help them make smarter predictions about how the weather is likely to behave. For example, a zonal pattern of wind will travel at a different rate and in a different direction to a meridional pattern.
Distinctions
The zonal pattern is one of two main types of wind pattern, the other being meridional. A meridional wind pattern travels at an angle to the lines of latitude. In meridional winds, there is a much higher chance of air pressure accumulation in the upper levels of the atmosphere.
Practical Applications
In weather forecasting, zonal patterns are significant. Meteorologists use them to plot the likely course of other weather patterns. The behavior of a zonal pattern of wind is easier to predict than other types of jet stream. This is because, by their nature, zonal patterns move laterally. While they may not travel in a completely horizontal pattern, their trajectory across the globe is typically similar to the nearest line of latitude.
Well-known Zonal Patterns
The Northeast and Southeast trade winds are zonal patterns. They come up frequently in weather forecasting due to their influence on global weather, in particular their role as a driving force for tropical storms. While the trade winds do not behave like storms, they do move areas of varying pressure around the globe, which can lead to storms.