Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms bonded together that prefer to attach to other atoms as a whole. They are some of the most common types of ions found throughout the Earth and are responsible for the rocks, minerals and living things. Some examples of polyatomic ions are carbonates (CO3), sulfates (SO4), nitrates (NO3), phosphates (PO4) and silicates (SiO4). When these polyatomic ions interact with other atoms, they form new compounds through displacement reactions. Forming polyatomic ion compounds only depends on the desired product but requires reagents (reacting chemicals) for demonstration.
- Nitric acid
- Sulfuric acid
- Sodium hydroxide
- Lead nitrate
- Potassium iodide
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Instructions
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1
Mix 5 ml of sodium hydroxide with 5 ml of nitric acid. This reaction yields sodium nitrate and water; nitric acid creates the nitrate polyatomic ion.
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2
Mix 5 ml of sodium hydroxide with 5 ml of sulfuric acid. This reaction yields sodium sulfate and water, the sulfuric acid creates the sulfate polyatomic ion.
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3
Mix 5 ml of lead nitrate with 5 ml of potassium iodide. This is a double displacement reaction where the polyatomic ions shift from one atom to the other. In this case, the product (lead iodide) is insoluble in water and falls out as a solid.
