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How to Do a Back Azimuth in Map Reading

In map reading the term "azimuth" refers to any direction as expressed in degrees from north (which is both 0 and 360 degrees). The back azimuth refers to the direction 180 degrees opposite the azimuth, or in the exact opposite direction. Keeping track of your back azimuth is important in instances when you have to make your way back to a previous coordinate. It can also be helpful for keeping your bearings by making sure you are traveling in a straight line.

Things You'll Need

Compass

Instructions

- 1
  Find north with your compass and face that direction. Place the compass at the top of map and directionally line the map up with the north compass reading. Turn towards the direction you would like to travel in, turning the compass with your body. Read the degree mark your compass' needle is pointing at; this is your azimuth. Mark the spot you are at on the map and write down your azimuth next to this spot.
- 2
  Calculate your back azimuth based on the azimuth reading. For readings between 1 and 180 degrees, add another 180 degrees to determine your back azimuth. For an azimuth between 181 and 360, subtract 180 degrees to find the back azimuth.
- 3
  Write down the back azimuth next to the original azimuth. Whenever you stop, make a habit of marking your location on the map, recording your azimuth and then calculating your back azimuth. This will help you easily find your way back to any previous point, like leaving a trail of bread crumbs.

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