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What Are the Functions of Zone Elongation?

All plants contain roots which are necessary for the survival of the plant. The roots begin small and as the plant grows the roots spread out and go deeper in the soil. The root consists of several parts, one of which is the zone of elongation. This zone has specific functions for the growing plant.

Increase Size
- One function of the zone of elongation is to increase the size of the root. The end of the root consists of a root cap which protects the growing root cells. Immediately behind the root cap is the meristem, or area that produces new cells for the root. The zone of elongation is right behind the meristem. The cells in the zone expand, or elongate, up to 10 times their original size which has the effect of increasing the length of the root. A longer root system is necessary if the plant is to continue to grow.
Absorb Food and Water
- The zone of elongation needs to absorb food and water in order to promote the growth of cells. This vital function enables the cells to expand, and with expansion comes the ability to absorb more food and water.
Root Extension
- As roots grow bigger they push deeper into the ground. The function of pushing the root deeper belongs to the zone of elongation. As it grows larger it provides the power to drive the root deeper into the ground in search of food and water.
Factors
- Factors that determine the growth of root cells, including zone elongation, include the type of soil and the amount of water in that soil. Loose soil that is not saturated with water encourages root growth, as does soil that provides space for root expansion.

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