Things You'll Need
Instructions
Create a list of 10 to 15 nonliving things common on Earth. Start with natural things, such as rocks, dirt and water (oceans, rivers and lakes, for example), then include man-made things such as cars, roads and buildings.
Group those objects by their composition, such as rock, metal and water. For example, mountains, buildings and dirt are all made up of similar substances, usually either calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide.
Calcium carbonate is formed when calcium, carbon and oxygen atoms chemically bond together. Cinder blocks, marble, limestone, seashells and coral are primarily calcium carbonate, as is chalk.
Another common compound, silicon dioxide, is the result of silicon and oxygen atoms bonding. Sand, granite, glass, the gritty part of soil and dirt, quartz and most other minerals are forms of silicon dioxide.
All water -- H2O -- is composed of hydrogen and oxygen, so there is an abundance of these elements on Earth.
Circle the objects in your list that have metal in them. There will be fewer metallic objects in the list than any other type. Most common metal elements are of "medium" abundance, but iron is one exception. For very complicated reasons, iron is one of the most abundant metals in the universe -- but not on Earth.
The above elements -- calcium, carbon, silicon, hydrogen, and oxygen -- are very common on Earth. Some uncommon elements include metals like gold, silver, platinum, palladium and iridium. In fact, the total amount of gold mined in all of history would only fill about a 66-foot cube, making it one of the least abundant elements.