Big Bluestem
Big bluestem grass is a dominant grass species native to Minnesota and many other Midwestern states. Its hardy growth makes it an ideal grass for targeted highway re-vegetation projects. It is a perennial warm-weather grass whose stalks can stand up to 3 meters tall. Its name comes from the bluish coloring around the base of the stalks. It also has purple, three-part flower clusters. It prefers moist soils but it also grows in dry and shallow soils.
Switchgrass
Switchgrass is native to Minnesota as well as large parts of the United States. Switchgrass is a perennial grass that regrows its stalks in the warm months. While it was once naturally widespread, it has been displaced by many other grasses and is now found primarily in targeted planting areas due to its ability to prevent soil erosion. Switchgrass stalks grow up to 5 feet tall, and provide nesting grounds for small animals and birds. Switchgrass seeds are vulnerable, so the grass can be difficult to establish, although once its root structure is firmly in place, it is a hardy plant.
Indian Grass
Along with switchgrass and big bluestem grass, Indian grass is a dominant grass species in Minnesota and across the Great Plains and Midwest. Indian grass is a hardy grass tolerant of low rainfall. Its stalks can grow from 3 to 5 feet high. It has an extensive root structure that can extend up to 7 feet below ground, and its roots typically make up as much as 2/3 of the plant's mass. Like similar grasses, Indian grass is a warm-weather perennial grass, regrowing its stalks year after year.
Sideoats grama
Sideoats grama is a perennial grass found in Minnesota and across the Great Plains. It derives its name from the small oat-shaped seeds attached to the sides of the upper stalk of the grass. Sideoats grama produces stalks in the warm months and can grow between 2 and 4 feet tall. People often use sideoats grama as a roadside restoration grass because of its hardy nature.