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Developing Stage
During this stage, warm, moist air is lifted into the atmosphere by either rising terrain or the collision of differing air masses. The water vapor contained in the rising air cools, condensing into a cloud. As the cloud grows and rises, some of the condensation turns into ice and some into raindrops. This stage is characterized by updrafts, little or no rain and a towering appearance. These clouds are called towering cumulus.
Mature Stage
As rain begins to fall, downdrafts form on one side of the storm while updrafts continue feeding the other. The resulting cumulonimbus clouds become dark and sometimes form an anvil shape on top. As downdrafts hit the earth, they push outward, causing a gust-front. This is the strong breeze frequently felt just before rain arrives. Strong winds, rain, hail and tornadoes are most likely during this phase. Heavy lightning and thunder are also indicative of the mature stage.
Dissipating
As the rain and downdrafts increase, the updrafts are overtaken and eventually cease. Without rising moist air feeding the storm, it begins to dissipate. Rains begin to subside, but lighting continues to be a hazard.
Thunderstorm Hazards
According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association, 1,800 thunderstorms are occurring at any given time across our planet. Annually, only 10 percent of thunderstorms are severe. However, they are a hazard that should be taken seriously.
Flash floods caused by thunderstorms kill an average of 140 people per year in the U.S. Straight-line winds, which can exceed 100 mph during a downburst, cause most property damage. Though less common, tornadoes are the most frightening and dangerous hazard associated with severe thunderstorms, killing 80 people per year on average. Their winds can exceed 300 mph. Other thunderstorm hazards include lightning and hail.