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How Scenic Beaches Affect Coral Reefs

Coral reefs are delicate ecosystems that serve as indicators for the overall health and quality of a marine system. A healthy reef reflects a healthy system, and a sick reef reflects an imbalanced system. When scenic beaches adjacent to coral reefs attract tourists and visitors, the effects are varied. Increased industrial, recreational, and agricultural activities can stress the reefs and cause disease over time. Conversely, some scenic beaches attract visitors who are interested in learning about and protecting coral reef habitats. In these instances, the effects of scenic beaches on coral reefs are positive.

Industry
- Scenic beaches often require infrastructure so people can access them. Roads are built, hotels are constructed and parking lots are paved to provide access to and enjoyment of the waterfront area. Unfortunately, more impervious surfaces means more toxic runoff into the water channel -- in this case, adjacent coral reefs. Scientists also suggest that on a global scale, the increased use of fossil fuels in industrial endeavors has changed the climate. Temperature fluctuations and salinity changes stress reefs and usually lead to disease.
Recreation
- Though often tightly controlled, there are occasions where people visiting scenic beaches unwittingly harm coral reefs with recreational vehicles. Motorboats, canoes, kayaks and jet skis can wreak havoc on reefs if the vessels come too close. Even a person snorkeling or scuba diving can inadvertently damage a reef by kicking or scraping the coral.
Agriculture
- Because reefs are sensitive to chemicals and toxins, agricultural activity located near a scenic beach can sometimes cause problems. Herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers and runoff from animal feed lots can sicken reef populations and wear them down over time.
Awareness
- Some scenic beaches cater to visitors who are interested in learning about and protecting coral reefs. Hotels may invite scientists to give presentations about coral reef ecosystems. Local businesses may sprout up to take people on safe scuba diving expeditions. Visitors bureaus may distribute pamphlets about how best to conserve coral reef environments. In these instances, the effect on the reefs is positive as people visit, learn and then pass along new information.

Nature