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How to Make Landform Projects

The physical contours that make up the geography of a location are known as landforms. Mountains, valleys, hills, riverbanks and plains are just a few of the landforms. Clay models can help students visualize landforms that may not be in the local environment. More than one landform can be created in a model. Usually when one landform is made another is created, such as a set of mountain ranges and a valley.

Things You'll Need

  • Large cardboard
  • Marker
  • Modeling clay
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Instructions

  1. Mountains and Valleys

    • 1

      Draw the boundaries of two mountain ranges across from one another on the cardboard, using the marker.

    • 2

      Place modeling clay within the boundaries drawn on the cardboard.

    • 3

      Build up the mountains where the clay has already been placed. Mountain ranges should be steep and comparably tall.

    • 4

      Shape the mountains to show the relative age of the modeled mountains. Sharper mountaintops are found with younger landforms and smooth tops are from older ones.

    • 5

      Fill in the space between the two mountain ranges with clay to represent a valley. A valley is a flat portion of land that has mountains for boundaries.

    Plateaus

    • 6

      Draw a rounded boundary on a piece of cardboard. Place clay within the boundary.

    • 7

      Build up the clay to make a large mound with steep slopes. The steep slopes also represent another landform called a cliff.

    • 8

      Flatten the top of the mound to form the plateau. This landform can be small flat areas with steep slopes or larger areas as well.

    Coastal Landforms

    • 9

      Draw a boundary, with a marker, on a piece of cardboard to represent the coastline.

    • 10

      Place blue colored modeling clay on one side of the boundary to indicate an ocean. Oceans are one of the most abundant landforms on Earth.

    • 11

      Choose another color to represent the land portion of the coast.

    • 12

      Make a mound of clay with steep sides to make a cliff. Many coast lines are the result of tectonic plate movement which can make very steep landforms.

    • 13

      Place small mounds of clay, in the same color as the land, in the water portion to make islands. Making a small chain of islands will produce a landform called an archipelago. Many oceanic islands are produced from volcanoes.

    • 14

      Extend a portion of the coastline into the water and curve slightly. This peninsula should be surrounded by water while being attached to the main land.


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