Arches
Arches are temporary structures that are doomed to eventually collapse into the sea under constant pressure from waves. They are formed when softer material erodes out from under sturdier rock, leaving an arch in place. They are often formed when two sea caves form opposite each other, then the material between them falls into the sea. They will succumb to stresses over time and the bridge will break up, leaving another landform called a sea stack in its place.
Sea Stacks
Sea stacks are sections of erosion-resistant rock that stand firmly along the shore where weaker rock weathered away. They can be used by adventurers as platforms for diving into the water. They can be left behind as the remainder of a sea arch, or they can be formed by themselves when the surrounding rock is washed away by wave action. They can also be formed when the edge of a sea cliff becomes isolated as waves wash away the surrounding shoreline.
Tombolos
A tombolo is a natural bridge that is formed when sand is deposited between the shoreline and an island. They are particularly vulnerable structures that depend on oceanic currents to continue their supply of sand on both sides of the landform, and they can be breached or wiped out altogether in a strong storm. The island that a tombolo connects to the mainland is called a tied island.
Cliffs
Cliffs are constantly being reshaped by the force of the ocean. Their shape depends upon the strength and direction of the waves crashing against their base and the durability of their rock. Over time, waves crash against the base of the cliff, slowly carving a notch at the waterline. This notch increases in size until there is not enough left to support the rock above it, which then falls into the sea. The material that slides down becomes a platform for waves to crash against, and can become terraced if upward forces push them above the waterline.