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Basic Survival Tools
Prior to any outdoor trek, equip yourself with a basic survival tool kit. In a small bag or backpack, pack a utility knife, flashlight, batteries, compass and plastic lighter or flint. The flint is especially important, since the ability to build a fire is crucial to survival for extended lengths of time outdoors. A fire provides light and warmth, as well as heat for cooking. The ability to build a fire is also important in a rescue situation, as the smoke allows others to spot you more easily. Pack a handkerchief to filter running river water for drinking.
Makeshift Environmental Tools
If you find yourself in an outdoor survival situation, there are several natural elements you can use as tools for survival. Mosses and strips of bark can be used as fodder for a fire, or as string. Turn your pocket knife into a spear for hunting or defense by tying it with moss or strips of bark to the end of a long, sturdy stick. The distance the spear puts between your body and an animal greatly reduces risk of injury. Use rocks as hammering tools, and dry grasses for insulation.