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How to Control Phytoplankton Crops in Lakes

Uncontrolled phytoplankton growth -- also known as "algal blooms" -- are typically caused by fertilizer runoff. The fertilizers usually contain nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium. Phosphorous is often the limiting nutrient in aquatic ecosystems; its scarcity keeps phytoplankton populations low and in balance. Runoff from rainfall carries phosphorous into lakes and ponds, causing algal blooms and eutrophication. Uncontrolled growth and death of algae causes a boom in populations of decomposing bacteria. This severely depletes dissolved oxygen levels, killing fish and plants.

Instructions

- 1
  Apply less fertilizer, or be more careful about how much you apply. Use only as much as your plants can absorb. Limit the amount of phosphorous that reaches lakes and rivers.
- 2
  Landscape your garden so that water containing fertilizers stays on your property, where it can be used by plants. Do not allow it to run into storm drains or the street.
- 3
  Talk to your neighbors, friends, and family about the importance of reducing unnecessary fertilizer use. Phosphorous pollution of surface water comes from many different sources, including homes, golf courses, and farms.
- 4
  Buy fruits and vegetables that are grown organically, without excessive artificial fertilizers. The best way to affect positive change on agricultural practices is through economic support. Organic agriculture, when done properly, contributes less to eutrophication than conventional farming.

Nature