How to Locate Fossil Fuels

Finding Coal: The Union of Concerned Scientists reports that coal is not difficult to find, but the technology and knowledge to retrieve coal have been around for some time; therefore, further exploration isn't fruitful. Maps of coal deposits are available, for example, that the Arkansas geological survey.

Finding Oil: Finding oil or gas is a complex process that geologists study for years. Many new oil deposits are miles underground, and natural gas deposits are often in nearby porous rocks. Geologists prospect by looking at existing drilling maps, core samples and cross-sections. It is then necessary to simulate drilling for the fossil fuels using software to improve the chances of success. If an energy company agrees to fund the project, the actual drilling takes place in the recommended location. If the drilling is successful, a well can be constructed to pump the oil and gas.

Finding Natural Gas: Need.org indicates that natural gas can be difficult to find. Geologists use techniques such as shock tremors, sonar readings and explosions to locate pockets of gas, which are on average over a mile deep. Sometimes surface rocks can provide relevant clues and even sensitive gravitational measurements can help detect suspected sights. While natural gas can be found with petroleum, it can also be found by itself.

Get a degree in mining engineering, or work for an energy company in the prospecting field. Finding fossil fuels is not for amateurs. It is possible to prospect for minerals and metals such as gold without much experience, but significant funds must be invested to locate fossil fuels, and even more to extract them from the earth.