Cardboard
If you are packaging large items, you can use thick, corrugated cardboard. Cut the cardboard into strips and roll it into loose bundles. Stuff these bundles around the item to keep it in place.
Popcorn
Use unwanted or stale, unbuttered popcorn as an alternative to bubble wrap for packaging small items. One of the main advantages of popcorn is that it can be composted when you no longer need it.
Newspaper
Save old newspapers to use as cushioning for packages. Newpaper is biodegradable, and using it as packing material is another way to recycle it.