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Geography
Coniferous forests are mainly found in the northern hemisphere, both inland and along the coast. These are found in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, throughout Canada and in northern Europe and Russia. Temperate coniferous ecosystems can exist in warmer regions, which include areas of New Zealand and Tasmania as well as southwestern South America.
Features
Coniferous ecosystems, whether temperate or in the Taiga region (in the northern hemisphere, near the Arctic Tundra), are characterized by their coniferous trees. These trees have needle-shaped leaves, are shallow-rooted, usually bear cones and have straight trunks. The soil in this ecosystem is thin and acidic, typically, with a sandy upper layer.
Warning
Problems facing the coniferous ecosystems of the world lie in deforestation due to extensive logging, acid rain produced by sulfur oxide pollution, and global warming, which may reduce forests by half their current area.