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Riparian Ecosystems

A riparian ecosystem is the zone where a river or stream meets the riverbank. Each riparian ecosystem is different, for streams and rivers run through all types of regions and climates. In every region, however, a healthy riparian zone is very fertile and beneficial for all ecosystems.

Features
- The bank is held together by the plant-root density, decreasing sediment spillage into the river.
  
  Riparian flora is distinctive from other vegetation found near the stream because of the water-rich soil. Riparian zones are often shaded by large trees and, because of the soil fertility, plant growth is lush. The water run-off is absorbed by the roots of the plants, holding the bank together.
Benefits
- Bats that feed on insects thrive in riparian zones.
  
  A healthy riparian ecosystem provides sediment filtering, resulting in rich soil, and prevents erosion. The ecosystem is also an abundant habitat for both land and aquatic wildlife. These zones are also a breeding ground for insects, which are beneficial for the insectivores, such as birds and bats, that feed nearby.
Habitat Threats
- Dams are a threat to riparian ecosystems.
  
  Riparian ecosystems have several components threatening their balance. These serious threats include logging, agricultural run-off, dams and other forms of human development.
Damaged Zones
- Damaged riparian zones can flood.
  
  Unhealthy riparian ecosystems subject to logging or agricultural malpractice, are polluted with pesticides, silt and fertilizers, which are carried downstream by the current. Flooding is also common.
Conservation
- Fish have a buffer zone in Oregon.
  
  In some states, these ecosystems are protected by buffer zones. In Alaska, for example, logging is prohibited within 100 feet of a stream or river. In Oregon, fish-habitat is given a 20-foot buffer.

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