Cell Change
When a plant is exposed to a source of light, the cells on the dark side of the plant stem elongate. The cells on the light side of the stem remain the same. The cell elongation results in stem bending.
Auxins
Auxins are plant growth hormones, chemicals produced by the plant that regulate plant growth. Auxins move to the dark side of the plant and cause the plant cell walls to stretch and the cells to elongate.
Root Response
During phototropism, the plant roots grow away from the source of light. This enables the roots to find more water and minerals to absorb. Auxins in the root cells control this response to light.