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The Properties of Triangles

A triangle is a shape with exactly three sides and three interior angles. All triangles have defining properties and characteristics that remain constant no matter what the exact size of their sides and angles are. Remembering these properties will help you in measuring triangles, especially in determining what their angles measure out to.
  1. Types

    • There are multiple types of triangles, and each triangle is defined by the measurements of its angles. A right triangle has one and only one angle measuring exactly 90 degrees. An acute triangle has all angles measuring less than 90 degrees, and an obtuse triangle has one angle measuring more than 90 degrees. An isosceles triangle is an acute triangle with at least two equal angles, while an equilateral triangle has all three angles -- and sides -- equal (all three will measure 60 degrees, as explained further in Section 2). A scalene triangle has no angles equal to one another.

    Interior Angles

    • Not only does every triangle have three angles, but the sum of all three of those angles will always total 180 degrees. Reducing the measurement of one angle of a triangle forces you to increase the measurement of another angle in order to keep the triangle connected. The angle that increases will always be the one that shares the side being moved to reduce the first angle. At the same time, the side opposite the angle being reduced will grow smaller in length. The inverse is true if you are increasing one angle.

    Inequality Theorem

    • The Triangle Inequality Theorem is a rule stating that the sum of two of the triangle's sides will always be greater than the length of the third side. In other words, A plus B is greater than C, B plus C is greater than A and C plus A is greater than B. If you were to reduce the lengths of two sides until they were equal to the length of the third side, the triangle would collapse on itself and you would end up with just a straight line.

    Side and Angle Relationship

    • The relationship between each angle of a triangle and the side opposite it is always the same. The triangle's smallest angle will always be opposite the shortest side. The widest angle is always opposite the longest side, and the middle angle and side are therefore opposite one another.


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