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Nickel
Nickel is often found in jade. In the pure elemental state, it has a shiny, silver appearance. The appearance and color changes depending on the other elements that it contacts. When nickel is mixed with the components of jade it produces a color similar to olive green or tarnished copper.
Iron
Iron can be found in jade gems in amounts which typically range between 0.5 and 2 percent by volume. This mineral reacts with the sodium aluminum silicate base of jade to create the soft green color often seen in jewelry stores. In rare cases where iron is present in a high concentration, it can create a brown tinted stone.
Manganese
Jade gems with manganese impurities can sometimes be found in jewelry stores. This will manifest itself in colors from light pink to light violet. This type of jade will be located next to green jade in stores, but individuals may not realize what it is due to the uncharacteristic color.
Chromium
Chromium contributes to a rich, dark green color. Jade gems with chromium impurities are considered the most attractive by many individuals. The low price of this type of jade also increases demand. Jade is often dyed this color to accommodate demand.
Vanadium
Vanadium is another chromophore found in jade. Chromium, nickel, and iron also belong to this category, which results in a green stone. This material can create areas of stone which are ductile and malleable, which will affect the overall texture and strength of the stone.