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Characteristics of Zeolite

Zeolite is an organic material consisting of chambers and pores. Its structure enables particular molecules to pass through it, prevents others from passing through, and breaks some down. The charge distribution of its lattice structure as well as its shape and size affect both what zeolite does and how it does it. Because of its rigid, porous structure, companies have been able to use it in innovative ways.

Properties
- Zeolite is a member of a family of volcanically derived minerals classified as hydrated alumino-silicates, which have a three-dimensional cage-like structure with a network of pores tunnelling through. The honeycomb-like structure gives the mineral exceptional strength and stability. Channels are typically 0.3 to 0.7 nanometres in diameter.
Characteristics
- Zeolite is part of a group of naturally occurring minerals that contains more than 50 different types. The mineral is similar in composition to clay but it shows a divergence in its structure. While clay shrinks and swells when water is added to and removed from its pores, zeolite has a more rigid structure. Zeolite is host to water molecules, potassium and calcium ions, and other positively charged ions of a particular size which fit into the mineral's pores. It also has a high cation-exchange capacity, which means that it can exchange positively charged ions.
Formation
- In the natural environment, zeolite is formed when a volcanic rock possessing a specific chemical composition is submerged in water, which subsequently leaches away the rock's other mineral components, creating the porous structure. The types of rock mineral involved determine zeolite's pore size and composition. Scientists have studied the mineral's formation process and have developed synthetic varieties of zeolite for specific purposes.
Applications
- Zeolites have been used in a number of agricultural, industrial and household applications. The mineral is used as a plant growth medium and as an additive in animal feed. Its porous structure makes it a good absorbent for oil and spills and an effective odor absorber/controller.

Rocks & Minerals