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Absorbents
The ability of perlite, a volcanic glass, to hold water comes from the expansion it undergoes when being processed. Raw perlite contains trapped water pockets, which expand when heated and break open. The tiny cavities left by this expansion give processed perlite the ability to hold 200 to 600 percent of its weight in water. Calcium silicate in powder form, on the other hand, can absorb 250 percent of its weight in water.
Applications
As food additives, these minerals act as anti-caking agents, absorbing moisture. Perlite is used in liquid filtration. Perlite and calcium silicate effectively clean up oil and chemical spills, as well as household spills and pet stains. They can carry pesticides as a means of delivery and also serve as efficient carriers for animal food concentrates or medicines.
Fun Facts
Many gardeners also know perlite as a welcome addition to potting mixes; they prize its ability to keep soil both hydrated and aerated. A small amount of calcium silicate added to salt allows it to remain free flowing.