Salt of Petra
This Medieval name for the substance known to us as potassium nitrate may derive from the Latin "sal petrae," meaning "stone salt." Alternatively, it may refer to "sal Petrae," or "salt of Petra."
Saltpeter
"Saltpeter" is the Americanized English version of saltpetre. "Chile saltpeter" refers to sodium nitrate, another common ingredient in explosives and fertilizer.
Nitrate of Potash or Nitre
These are alternative archaic names for potassium nitrate, the term "potash" deriving from the Dutch "potasch." This refers to the process of obtaining potassium compounds by leaching wood ashes (potash).