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Things You'll Need
Instructions
Don laboratory safety gloves and perform the experiment under a fume hood. Pipette 5 ml of dodecanol into a 100 ml beaker. Pipette 2 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid, H2SO4 into a 10 ml graduated cylinder. Slowly add the 2 ml of sulfuric acid to the beaker containing the dodecanol. Stir as you add the sulfuric acid and continue to stir for one minute after the sulfuric acid has been added. Wait 10 minutes.
Fill a 250 ml beaker one-third with ice as you wait 10 minutes for the sulfuric acid. Add 10 g of sodium chloride, NaCl, to the ice. Mix the solution. Add distilled water to the solution until you reach the 75 ml mark on the beaker. In a separate beaker, mix 5 ml of 6 Molar sodium hydroxide with 10 ml of distilled water. Add a few drops, using a dropper, of phenolphthalein indicator. Observe as the pink color of the phenolphthalein fades due to the basic nature of the solution.
Add ice to a 100 ml beaker and allow the ice to melt. Add 25 ml of ice water to a separate beaker. The 10-minute wait for the sulfuric acid should be up. Pour the sodium hydroxide solution into the dodecanol-sulfuric acid mixture. Ensure the pink color is gone. Observe as a solid form of detergent forms. Pour the detergent into the ice salt bath that you created. Stir the detergent with a stirring rod. Use a few layers of cheesecloth to funnel the precipitated detergent mixture.
Wash the detergent two times with 10 ml of ice water. Remove the cheesecloth and squeeze any excess water from the detergent. Let the detergent sit to dry.