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Respiratory System
The respiratory system is the gateway that allows oxygen to enter your body. The mouth, nose, trachea, lungs and diaphragm all participate in oxygen absorption. Oxygen enters the body in the mouth and nose, passes through the larynx and the trachea. The trachea splits into two bronchial tubes, which lead to smaller tubes that lead to 600 million alveoli, which are small sacs surrounded by capillaries. The capillaries take oxygen into the arteries, and the oxygen-rich blood is then pumped into every cell of your body. Once the oxygen has been absorbed, carbon dioxide and water are eliminated through the lungs.
Cells
The cells are oxidized through an enzymatic processes, and the oxidation is the source of energy for humans and most other mammals. Oxygen is needed to build new cells and tissue, replace old tissue, dispose of waste material and reproduce more cells.
Heart
The heart is the powerhouse that sends oxygen pumping through your body to each and every cell. Before each heartbeat, the heart fills with blood. The muscle then contracts to expel the blood into arteries. The left side of the heart sends oxygen-rich blood to the body, and the right side sends the depleted blood, filled with carbon dioxide, to the lungs to be expelled. Your heart beats consistently, for your entire life, never allowing the oxygen to deplete.
Arteries and Veins
The arteries are the passageways that take the five liters of rich oxygenated blood away from the heart, throughout the body. The vessels that take the blood back to the heart are called veins. It takes about 60 seconds for the heart to pump oxygen-filled blood through the entire body.