Instructions
Read the manual for the game you want to play. Hold the controller in the way that's most comfortable for you while allowing you to reach the specific controls you need easily. The directional pad and the control stick can be used interchangeably in many games. Some games have three-dimensional environments in which you can use the "C" buttons, or cameras. The "C" buttons are also used for secondary options.
If you hold the controller by the two outer arms, you can place your left thumb on the directional pad, your right thumb on the "A" and "B" buttons and your index fingers on the "L" and "R" shoulder buttons.
If you hold the controller by the middle and right arms, you can use the control stick with your left thumb and reach the "Z" trigger with your left index finger. Your right thumb can control the "A" and "B" buttons, and your right index finger will reach the "R" button.
If you hold the controller by the left and middle arms, you can reach the directional pad with your left thumb and the control stick with your right thumb. Your left index finger can reach the "L" button and your right index finger will control the "Z."
Can't get the controller to work? Your controls stick might not be centered, or the controller might need to be cleaned. See the Resources section.